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Muscles are generally arranged in pairs,
and in the simplest situations one flexes a joint whilst its pair extends it. This allow
for very careful control of movement.
Some muscles have alternative functions. For example the Brachiophalicus runs
from the top of the neck to the humerus.
It can pull the humerous forward (if the
limb is in the air), or alternatively if the
leg is weight-bearing and the humerus is fixed, it will pull the head and neck backward.

Some muscles have different parts which act in different ways. For example the Trapezius - The cerivical part attaches to the neck and pulls the shoulder forward, whilst the thoratic part attaches to the thoratic spine and pulls the shoulder backward.

If both parts act together then the shoulder will be pulled upward.

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